1、下载安装包

mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz 是 MySQL 5.7.33 版本的 Linux 64 位二进制安装包。该文件包含了预编译的 MySQL 服务器、客户端以及一些相关工具，适用于基于 Linux 的操作系统（特别是支持 glibc 2.12 或更高版本的系统）。安装包不依赖于系统的包管理器（如 yum 或 apt），因此非常适合那些希望手动安装 MySQL 或不希望通过操作系统的默认包管理工具来管理安装的用户。它通常用于在没有 MySQL 官方仓库或特定版本需求的环境中部署 MySQL。

下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

1）解压

tar -xvf mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

2）mariadb

查看是否安装了mariadb，安装了则卸载

查看：

rpm -qa | grep mariadb

卸载：

rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64 --nodeps

3）新建mysql文件夹

在/usr/local/下新建mysql文件夹，移动至/usr/local/mysql重命名为mysql-5.7.33

mkdir /usr/local/mysql
mv mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql/
cd /usr/local/mysql/
mv mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql-5.7.33

4）添加用户和组

cat /etc/group | grep mysql
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql

2、安装数据库

1）创建data目录

cd mysql-5.7.33
mkdir data

2）修改属组

将/usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7.33/的所有者及所属组改为mysql

chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7.33/

3）创建配置文件

在/usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7.33/support-files目录下创建my_default.cnf

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It‘s a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.

# [mysqld]

# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M

# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin

# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
# basedir = .....
# datadir = .....
# port = .....
# server_id = .....
# socket = .....

# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M 
 
 
[mysqld]
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES 
 
basedir = /usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7.33
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7.33/data
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
character-set-server=utf8
 
log-error = /usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7.33/data/mysqld.log
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7.33/data/mysqld.pid

4）复制移动配置文件

cp my_default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

5）初始化 mysqld

cd mysql-5.7.33/
./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7.33/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7.33/data/

6）查看临时密码

初始化完成之后，查看日志，记住临时密码

cd data/
cat mysqld.log

3、配置

1）设置开机启动

把启动脚本放到开机初始化目录

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
cp /usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7.33/bin/my_print_defaults /usr/bin/
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig mysqld on

2）启动mysql

service mysql start

3）修改密码

登录mysql，密码为初始密码

cd /usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7.33
./bin/mysql -u root -p

密码修改123456

mysql> set password=password('123456');
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by '123456';
mysql> flush privileges;

4）添加远程访问权限

mysql> use mysql;
mysql> update user set host='%' where user = 'root';
mysql> flush privileges;

如果出现错误：ERROR 1062 (23000): Duplicate entry ‘%-root’ for key ‘PRIMARY’

通过：mysql> select user, host from user; 查看是否已存在：

已存在则不用update,重复则删除host为%的，然后再update。

5）重启mysql生效

service mysql restart