1､新建.NET Core的Console 项目并添加DotnetSpider引用

1) Visual Studio

右键解决方案并启动 Manage NuGet Packages(管理NuGet包)，搜索 DotnetSpider，从结果列表中选中 DotnetSpider，安装到项目。

2) Package Manager

Install-Package DotnetSpider -Version 5.0.0-beta1

3) 使用dotnet命令

dotnet add package DotnetSpider --version 5.0.0-beta1

2､添加 Serilog 日志组件

编辑.csproj项目文件，添加下面引用：

<PackageReference Include="Serilog.AspNetCore" Version="3.2.0"/>
<PackageReference Include="Serilog.Sinks.Console" Version="3.1.1"/>
<PackageReference Include="Serilog.Sinks.RollingFile" Version="3.3.0"/>
<PackageReference Include="Serilog.Sinks.PeriodicBatching" Version="2.3.0"/>

3､创建 GithubSpider 类

 public class GithubSpider : Spider
    {
        public GithubSpider(IOptions<SpiderOptions> options, SpiderServices services, ILogger<Spider> logger) : base(
            options, services, logger)
        {
        }
        protected override async Task InitializeAsync(CancellationToken stoppingToken)
        {
            // 添加自定义解析
            AddDataFlow(new Parser());
            // 使用控制台存储器
            AddDataFlow(new ConsoleStorage());
            // 添加采集请求
            await AddRequestsAsync("https://github.com/zlzforever");
        }
        protected override (string Id, string Name) GetIdAndName()
        {
            return (Guid.NewGuid().ToString("N"), "Github");
        }
        class Parser : DataParser
        {
            protected override Task Parse(DataContext context)
            {
                var selectable = context.Selectable;
                // 解析数据
                var author = selectable.XPath("//span[@class='p-name vcard-fullname d-block overflow-hidden']")
                    ?.Value;
                var name = selectable.XPath("//span[@class='p-nickname vcard-username d-block']")
                    ?.Value;
                context.AddData("author", author);
                context.AddData("username", name);
                return Task.CompletedTask;
            }
        }
    }

4､在 Main 方法中添加如下代码

 static async Task Main(string[] args)
        {
            Log.Logger = new LoggerConfiguration()
                .MinimumLevel.Information()
                .MinimumLevel.Override("Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime", LogEventLevel.Warning)
                .MinimumLevel.Override("Microsoft", LogEventLevel.Warning)
                .MinimumLevel.Override("System", LogEventLevel.Warning)
                .MinimumLevel.Override("Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication", LogEventLevel.Warning)
                .Enrich.FromLogContext()
                .WriteTo.Console().WriteTo.RollingFile("logs/spiders.log")
                .CreateLogger();
            var builder = Builder.CreateDefaultBuilder<GithubSpider>(options =>
            {
                // 每秒 1 个请求
                options.Speed = 1;
                // 请求超时
                options.RequestTimeout = 10;
            });
            builder.UseSerilog();
            builder.UseQueueDistinctBfsScheduler<HashSetDuplicateRemover>();
            await builder.Build().RunAsync();
            Environment.Exit(0);
        }

5､运行代码查看效果

[17:36:53 INF] Argument: RequestedQueueCount, 100
[17:36:53 INF] Argument: Depth, 0
[17:36:53 INF] Argument: RequestTimeout, 10
[17:36:53 INF] Argument: RetriedTimes, 3
[17:36:53 INF] Argument: EmptySleepTime, 10
[17:36:53 INF] Argument: Speed, 1
[17:36:53 INF] Argument: ProxyTestUri, http://www.baidu.com
[17:36:53 INF] Argument: ProxySupplierUri, 
[17:36:53 INF] Argument: UseProxy, False
[17:36:53 INF] Argument: RemoveOutboundLinks, False
[17:36:53 INF] Argument: StorageConnectionString, 
[17:36:53 INF] Argument: Storage, 
[17:36:53 INF] Argument: ConnectionString, 
[17:36:53 INF] Argument: Database, dotnetspider
[17:36:53 INF] Argument: StorageMode, InsertIgnoreDuplicate
[17:36:53 INF] Argument: MySqlFileType, LoadFile
[17:36:53 INF] Argument: SqlServerVersion, V2000
[17:36:53 INF] Argument: HBaseRestServer, 
[17:36:53 INF] None proxy supplier
[17:36:53 INF] Statistics service starting
[17:36:53 INF] Agent register service starting
[17:36:53 INF] Statistics service started
[17:36:53 INF] Agent register service started
[17:36:53 INF] Agent starting
[17:36:54 INF] Initialize d9531ecc28a5492ab58e9d8b47a6bf05, Github
[17:36:54 INF] Agent started
[17:36:54 INF] d9531ecc28a5492ab58e9d8b47a6bf05, Github DataFlows: Parser -> ConsoleStorage
[17:36:54 INF] Register topic DOTNET_SPIDER_D9531ECC28A5492AB58E9D8B47A6BF05
[17:36:54 INF] d9531ecc28a5492ab58e9d8b47a6bf05, Github started
[17:36:56 INF] https://github.com/zlzforever download success
[{"Key":"username","Value":"zlzforever"},{"Key":"author","Value":"Lewis Zou"}]
[17:36:58 INF] d9531ecc28a5492ab58e9d8b47a6bf05 total 1, success 1, failed 0, left 0
[17:37:03 INF] d9531ecc28a5492ab58e9d8b47a6bf05 total 1, success 1, failed 0, left 0
[17:37:05 INF] d9531ecc28a5492ab58e9d8b47a6bf05, Github stopping
[17:37:05 INF] d9531ecc28a5492ab58e9d8b47a6bf05, Github stopped
[17:37:05 INF] Agent stopping
[17:37:05 INF] Agent stopped
[17:37:05 INF] Agent register service stopping
[17:37:05 INF] Agent register service stopped
[17:37:05 INF] Statistics service stopping
[17:37:05 INF] Statistics service stopped

原文地址：https://github.com/dotnetcore/DotnetSpider/wiki/1-第一个简单的爬虫

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